Igneous and metamorphic rocks constitute the pre cambrian basement complex which is the oldest, crystalline, solid physical foundation of the country. Africa covers a larger land area than the usa, europe, india and the asean nations put together. Sedimentary basins, which are roughly in equal proportions figure 2. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george. Earth systems history on ecampus sedimentary rocks intro origin of sedimentary rocks clastic rocks carbonate sedimentary rocks interpreting sedimentary rocks environment of deposition. To the northwest, it is adjacent to the sokoto basin. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria springerlink. Heavy minerals and geochemical characteristics of sandstones as indices of provenance and source area tectonics of the ogwashiasaba formation, niger delta basin.
Relevant velocities in seismic prospecting and high. Sedimentary basins form primarily in convergent, divergent and transform settings. Benkhelil also suggested that the evolution trough could also be as a result of tension resulting in a rift or wrench related fault basin 9. The southern nigeria sedimentary basin includes the lagososse and the niger delta. The sedimentary basins of india, onland and offshore up to the 200m isobath, have an areal extent of about 1. Faqs download template researchers guide article pattern process flow publication ethics.
Earths crust, of tectonic origin, in which sediments accumulate. Detrital gypsum forms in the nigerian southern sector of chad basin. They are pervasive on earth and form in response to complex. Pdf geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects. The basins did not begin to fill with sediment until the albian age of the cretaceous.
The crust is thin, dense, and topographically low across the ocean basins, but thick, of lower density, and. Economic potential of the younger sedimentary basins springerlink. It lies between longitude 5 o 35 1 e and 5 o 39 1 e and latitude 9 o 10 1 n and 9 o 1 n of nigeria on sheet 183 egbako s. The results show above m depth, sedimentary layers with resistivities in the range of 1 to 100 ohmm, which decrease with depth. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. Pdf sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east ebook. Sedimentary basins are places where subsidence of earths crust has allowed sediment to accumulate on top of a basement of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
Sedimentary basins range in size from as small as hundreds of meters to large parts of ocean. Anambra basin and these basins were major depositional axes for transgressive and regressive sediments in the late cretaceous times of nigeria. By using drilling data and geophysical wireline logs of twentythree wells in the bornus basin, the overall distribution of stratigraphic formations kerrikerri. It is a preliminary stage process aiming to give additional information for the beginning of a stratigraphic harmonization project concerning sedimentary basins of the.
Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george obaje. When massive infrastructural development commences, localized sourcing of materials would be necessary. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental crust except in the niger.
Jul 09, 2009 contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. It is a rift basin with plate dilation leading to the opening of the gulf of guinea 9,10. But implicit in the concept of a sedimentary basin is the existence of prolonged crustal subsidence, to make a place for a thick deposit of sediment that might well have been deposited in an area without basinal geometry at the surface. Lecture notes sedimentary geology earth, atmospheric.
Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Otukpa in benue state nigeria has vast reserve of sand and other aggregate materials that are presently been mined for various construction purposes. Establishment of river basins development authorities. Sedimentary basins are regions of the earth of long term subsidence creating accommodation space for infilling by sediment. In the southeast, poorly bedded sandy shale alternates with layers of sandstone and sandy limestone, containing ammonite, radiolarian, echinoid and gastropod fossils. Spectral depth analysis of parts of upper benue trough and. In nigeria, the dominant type of basement rock intersected by wells drilled for hydrocarbons, limestone, or water is granite. The basin is often geographically divided into northern and southern bida basins due to the wide variation of the facies across the basin. Tectonic extension at divergent boundaries where continental rifting is occurring can create a nascent ocean basin leading to either an ocean or the failure of the rift zone. Executive summary the dynamics of sedimentary basins the.
Part 3 takes the mineral resources of nigeria one on one, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities. Unlike other sedimentary basins in nigeria, it is characterized by the absence of volcanics, carbonates and rocks of. Sedimentary basin an overview sciencedirect topics. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. The mineral resources so far reported in the trough by the geological survey of nigeria agency are discussed below. G o f g eo l p a h n y r u o scis journal of geology.
Sedimentary basins are regions of earth of longterm subsidence creating accommodation. The area holds good potential for human population explosion in the near future. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of the nkporo. An older and a younger group of sedimentary basins can be distinguished in west africa, and the. Contact us geoscienceworld journals ebook collections. Depositional environment of siliciclastic deposits on the. The niger river basin, home to approximately 100 million people, is a vital, complex asset for west and central africa. Sedimentary rocks and sedimentary basins reading stanley, s.
Following on from the first 2 books in the series, sedimentary basins of the world, which covered chinese sedimentary basins volume 1 and south pacific sedimentary basins volume 2, comes volume 3, on african basins. Over geologic time, depressions on earths surface are filled with sediments and organic materials that have been transported by wind, rivers, and ocean currents. The geotechnical properties of clay occurrences around. Petroleum potentials of the nigerian benue trough and anambra. Large sedimentary basins formed in southern nigeria, divided by the okitipupa ridge.
Click download or read online button to get sedimentary geology book now. Sedimentary basins of northern nigeria comprise the middle and upper benue trough, the southeastern sector of the. Stratigraphy and sedimentation in the senonian anambra basin of eastern nigeria. It is frequently regarded as the northwestern extension of the anambra basin to the southeast, both of which major depocentres were during the. Ppt sedimentary basins powerpoint presentation free to. Older sedimentary deposits were not preserved, probably because during the paleozoic early mesozoic, what is now nigeria was a broad regional basement uplift, with no major basin subsi dence for sediment accumulation. Geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects of sedimentary basins in northern nigeria. Known as sedimentary basins, these features come in many shapes and sizes. In the deepwater beyond the 200m isobath, the sedimentary area has been estimated to be about 1. The oldest sediments in the western dahomey basin ise formation consist of a predrift sequence of basal conglomerates and loose sands interbedded with. Sedimentary basins, depositional environments, petroleum evaluation free epub, mobi, pdf ebooks download.
The present study examines the stratigraphic succession of benin and western nigeria offshore basins and attempts to compare these stratigraphic nomenclatures. Download scientific diagram geological map and sedimentary basins of nigeria. Beneath these crustal elements is the more continuous subcrustal lithosphere. This highresolution pdf of the country details the locations and extent of both onshore and offshore producing and nonproducing sedimentary basins. In cameroon, there are two main types of sedimentary basins, which belong to three active african petroleum systems, namely, niger delta, west african salt basins and southern and central africa rifts. Recently, the petroleum potential of the trough has been of great interest to geologists and geophysicists. The midniger basin otherwise known as the bida basin or the nupe basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin extending from kontagora in niger state of nigeria to areas slightly beyond lokoja in the south. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Distribution of sedimentary formations in the bornu basin, nigeria. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Sedimentary succes sions in these basins are of middle mesozoic to recent age. Other minor formations are the volcanic plateau and the river alluvium. Review of geology and mineral resources of nigeria.
Sedimentary basins form part of the earths crust, or lithosphere. Download product flyer is to download pdf in new tab. Intracontinental basins are relatively broad and shallow with a thin. Department of applied geology, the federal university of technology, akure, ondo state, nigeria abstract the geochemistry, provenance, tectonic setting, paleoclimate and depositional paleoenvironment of maastrichtian sedimentary rocks from the clastic western flank of cretaceoustertiary intracratonic anambra basin nigeria. Sedimentary depositional environments exert a primary control on lithologies and rock unit architecture. Convergent boundaries create foreland basins through tectonic compression of oceanic and continental crust during lithospheric flexure. The lower benue trough like other sedimentary basins in nigeria is found to be endowed with mineral resources. Sokoto and nigerian part of chad sedimentary basins, where relatively high geothermal gradients were found. Detrital gypsum forms in the nigerian southern sector of. Tectonic map of southeastern nigeria during albiantertiary. Pdf stratigraphy, paleogeography and hydrocarbon resource.
Pdf download sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east read online. Umunya section, niger delta basin, nigeria adaeze i. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Tectonics is needed to make sedimentary basins, but the record of the basin itself is sedimentary. Pdf sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the. Sedimentary rocks fill up the basins which are vast depressions between basement landmass. An overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Basement aquifers consist of crystalline and coarsegrained rocks and argillaceous meta. The continental sediments of the nigerian coastal basins. Canadian border, into which large volumes of clastic sediment that is, sediment of predominantly clay, silt, and sand sizes were deposited. Sedimentary basins in india india has 26 sedimentary basins covering an area of 3. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of part 2.
Over geologic time these sediments and associated fluids are chemically and mechanically transformed through the. The presence of libycoceras dandense howarth in marine facies of the nkporo shale about 35 m below the nkporomamu contact in the lokpaukwuleru section demonstrates that in this area the. Recent advances focuses on key topics or areas where the greatest strides forward have been made, while also providing online access to the comprehensive 1995 book. The mamu formation consists of sandstones, shales and sandy shales with. The three major rock types igneous, meta morphic and sedimentary abound in nigeria. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria geology. Relevant velocities in seismic prospecting and high resolution petroleum exploration in the niger delta and adjoining inland sedimentary basins, nigeria. In northwestern nigeria the geothermal anomaly of sokoto basin extends to the niger territory. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l.
Older sedimentary deposits were not preserved, probably because during the paleozoic early mesozoic, what is now nigeria was a broad regional basement uplift, with no major basin subsi. Other articles where sedimentary basin is discussed. Sedimentary basins and petroleum geology pdf download. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria. Pdf on jan 1, 2011, obaje and others published stratigraphy, paleogeography. Various faults were also identified, illustrating the structural complexity of the mamfe basin, along the manyu river. The tectonic, stratigraphic and organic geochemical evaluations of these basins suggest the similarity with the contiguous basins of chad and niger republics and sudan, where commercial oil discovery have been made.
A criteria for interpretation in nigeria s inland basins implication of detrital gypsum forms in sedimentary basins dr. African basins, volume 3 sedimentary basins of the world. The spatial and temporal evolution of depositional systems in a basin depends on a complex interplay between sediment supply, eustatic variations, climate and tectonic processes at the time of tectonics of sedimentary basins. Geological survey of nigeria agency has played an active role in the exploration for mineral deposits in nigeria. Early studies focused on the development of a mineral. The mesozoictertiary basins of west africa are of great economic importance to the countries in which they occur, mainly because of the energy resources they contain. Pdf download sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of. Diagenetic study of sandstone sediments in parts of anambra.
The saltpond basin is a paleozoic wrench modified pullapart basin centrally located between the tanocape three points and accraketa basins. Geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects of terrapub. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental crust except in the niger delta, where the basement rock is interpreted to be oceanic crust. Gusikit research paper postgraduate geography earth science geology, mineralogy, soil science publish your bachelors or. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. It is also defined as, a low lying areadepression where sediments can be deposit is called sedimentary basin. Pdf genesis of oolitic ironstones from the middle niger. Introduction the dynamics of sedimentary basins the. May 14, 2016 sedimentary basins are regions of the earth of long term subsidence creating accommodation space for infilling by sediment. Structural interpretation of the mamfe sedimentary basin. Origin, depositional histories, and petroleum systems. The upper benue trough and borno basin in particular is one of those basins being suspected to have high hydrocarbon potential, besides economic mineral deposits concentration. Sedimentary basins societe nationale des hydrocarbures. Contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources.
Sedimentary basins of india total 26 sedimentary basins have been recognized and they are divided into four categories based on their degree of hydrocarbon prospectivity. Nigeria is a vast country with considerable wealth in natural resources and understanding nigerias geology is critical for efficient exploration and. The other aspect of geothermal exploration in nigeria is. One hundred fortyfour sedimentary basins or groups of basins in the united states both onshore and offshore are identified, located, and briefly described as part of a geographic information system gis data base in support of the geologic carbon dioxide sequestration national assessment project brennan and others, 2010. Jan 09, 2016 pdf download sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east read online. Executive summary the dynamics of sedimentary basins. Sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east. Sedimentary geology download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. The major aquifers in nigeria are basement aquifers, sedimentary basins, volcanic plateau, and river alluvium. The benin and western nigeria offshore basins, which are parts of an extensive basin called the dahomey benin embayment, were formed during the early cretaceous under similar tectonic conditions and continental sedimentary environments. Sediments in the basin were deposited in nonmarine to coastal marine environments, and ranges in age from ordovician to cretaceous. Buy, download and read sedimentary basins and petroleum geology of the middle east ebook online in epub or pdf format for iphone, ipad, android, computer and mobile. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough, nigeria. Economic potential of the younger sedimentary basins.
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